Beginnigs of the monophysite Church in Egypt

Tadeusz Gołgowski

Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie , Poland


Abstract

The author presents the history of the Church of Egypt after the Council of Chalcedon (451), and trying to determine the final destruction of the unity of Patriarchate of Alexandria. At the beginning of the crisis were the decisions taken at the Council, but the process of creating a separate patriarchates (Melkite and Monophysite) in Egypt last long. Some researchers, such as William H.C. Frend, consider turning point in this process the death of the Emperor Justinian (565), while in the East began to create a separate Monophysite Church hierarchy. Such conclusions appear premature regards Egypt, although these may be correct with regard to Syria. It seems that the creation of two separate Christian Churches in Egypt take place in Egypt later, during the reign of Emperor Heraclius (610-641).

Keywords:

monophysite Church, Egypt

After Chalcedon. Studies in theology and Church history, ed. A. van Roey – C. Laga – J.A. Munitiz – L. van Rompay, Leuven 1985
Allen P., Contemporary portraits of Byzantine empress Theodora (A.D. 527-548), w: Ste-reotypes of women in power. Historical perspectives and revisionist views, Westport 1992, 93-103
Ashbrook-Harvey S., Remem¬bering pain. Syriac historiography and the separation of Churches, „Byzantion” 58 (1988) 295-308
Brooks E.W., The Patriarch Paul of Antioch and the Alexandrian schism of 575, BZ 30 (1929- 1930) 468-476
Bundy D.D., Jacobus Baradaeus. The state of research, a review of sources and a new approach, „Le Muséon” 91 (1978) 45-86
Butler A.J., The Arab conquest of Egypt and the last thirty years of the Roman dominion, repr. Oxford 1978
Chadwick H., The aftermath of the Coun¬cil of Chalcedon. Zeno’s Henotikon, w: The Church in ancient society. From Galilee to Gregory the Great, Oxford 2001, 592-612
Davis S.J., The early Coptic Papacy. The Egyptian Church and its leadership in late antiquity, Cairo – New York 2004
Ebied R.Y. – Wilkinson L.R., A collec¬tion of unpublished Syriac letters of Timothy Aelurus, JTS 21 (1970) 321-369
Evagrius, HE, PG 86/2, tłum. S. Kazikowski: Ewagriusz Scholastyk: Historia Kościoła, Warszawa 1990
Evans J.A.S., The Monophysite persecution under Justin I. The eastern view, „The Ancient World” 27 (1996) 191-196
Finis Constantinopolitanae synodi, Mansi VIII, tłum. w: A.A. Vasiliev, Justin the First. An introduction to the epoch of Justinian the Great, Cambridge 1950
Foss C., The empress Theodora, „Byzantion” 72 (2002) 141-176
Frend W.H.C., Severus of Antioch and the origins of Monophysite hierarchy, w: Heritage of early Church. Essays in honor of the very reverend G.V. Florovsky on the occasion of his eightieth Birthday, Rome 1973, 261-275
Frend W.H.C., The rise of the Monophysite movement, Cambridge 1972
Gray P.T.R., The defense of Chalcedon in the East [451-553], Leiden 1972
Gray P.T.R., The Legacy of Chalcedon. Christological problems and their significance, w: The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Justinian, Cambridge 2005 215-238
Harvey S.A., Ascetism and society in crisis. John of Ephesus and the „Lives of Eastern Saints”, Berkeley 1990
Harvey S.A., Theodora the „Believing Queen”. A study in Syriac historiographical tradition, „Hugoye. Journal of Syriac Studies” 4 (2001) z. 2, 1-31
History of the Patriarchs of the Coptic Church of Alexandria, ed. B. Evetts, PO 1/2, 1/4, 5/1, 10/5, Paris 1904-1914
Jan z Nikou, Chronicon, ed. R.H. Charles, London – Oxford 1916
Joannes Ephesinus, Historia beatorum orientalium, ed. E.W. Brooks, PO 17, Paris 1923
Joannes Ephesinus, Historia beatorum orientalium. Vita Jacobi et Theodori, tłum. E.W. Brooks, PO 19, Paris 1926
Johnson D., Pope Timothy II Aeluros, his life and importance for the development of Christianity in Egypt, „Coptica” 1 (2002) 77-89
Kleyn H.G., Jakobus Baradaeus. Der Stichter der syrische mo¬nophysietische Kerk, Leiden 1882
Lebon J., La christologie de Timothée Ailure, archevêque mono¬physite d’Alexandrie, d’aprés les sources syriaques inedites, RHE 9 (1908) 677-702
Lebon J., Le monophysitisme severien, Louvain 1909
Leo imperator, Epistula ad Anatholium, metropolitas et reliquos episcopos, w: Evagrius, HE, PG 86/2
Leo Ma¬gnus, Epistulae, PL 54
Maspero J., Histoire des patriarches d’Alexandrie depuis le mort l’empereur Anastase jusqu’a la reconciliation des eglises jacobites (518-616), Paris 1923
Menze V.L., Justinian and the making of the Syrian Orthodox Church, Oxford 2008
Michael Syrus, Chronicon, ed. J.B. Chabot, Paris 1899-1910
Müller C.D.G., Damian, Papst und Patriarch von Alexandrien, OC 70 (1986) 118-142
Pazdernik Ch., „Our most pious consort given us by God”. Dissident reactions to the partnership of Justinian and Theodora A.D. 525-548, „Classical World” 13 (1994) 256-281
Redies M., Die Usurpation des Basiliskos (475-76) in Kontext der auf¬steigenden monophysitischen Kirche, „Antiquité Tardive” 5 (1997) 211-221
Rompay L. Van, Society and com¬munity in the Christian East, w: The Cambridge Companion to the age of Justinian, Cambridge 2005
Samuel V.C., The Council of Chalcedon reexamined, Madras 1977
Sellers R.V., The Council of Chalcedon. A historical and doctrinal Survey, London 1953
Skreslet S.H., The Greeks in medieval Islamic Egypt. A Melkite Dhimmi-community under the Patriarch of Alexandria (640-1095), Diss., Yale University 1978
Spanel D.B., Timothy II Aelurur, w: The Coptic Encyclopedia, ed. A.S. Atiya, vol. 7, New York – Toronto 1991
Stein E., Histoire du Bas-Empire, II, Amsterdam 1968
The sixth book of selected letters of Severus, Patriarch of Antioch, II/1, tłum. E.W. Brooks, London 1903
Theophanes Confessor, Chronicon AM 5950, tłum. C. Mango – R. Scott, Oxford 1997
Vööbus A.A., The origin of the Monophysite Church in Syria and Mesopotamia, ChH 42 (1973) 17-26
Winkler D.W., Koptische Kirche und Reichskirche. Altes Schisma und neuer Dialog, Innsbruck 1997
Wipszycka E., Czy u schyłku starożytności istniały ruchy narodowe?, „Kwartalnik Historyczny” 84 (1977) 551-563
Wipszycka E., Kościół w świecie późnego antyku, Warszawa 1994
Wipszycka E., Le nationalisme a-t-il existé dans l’Egypte byzantine, „Journal of Juristic Papyrology” 22 (1992) 83-128
Zacharias Rhetor, HE, tłum. F.J. Hamilton – E.W. Brooks, London 1899

Published
2012-06-15


Gołgowski, T. (2012). Początki Kościoła monofizyckiego w Egipcie. Vox Patrum, 57, 167–180. https://doi.org/10.31743/vp.4125

Tadeusz Gołgowski 
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie



License

Papers published in Vox Patrum are covered by the Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0) licence. Authors and users can use published works licensed under the CC-BY-ND since 2018. For earlier publications, copyrights are available under fair use rights in accordance with the Act of February 4, 1994 on copyrights and related rights.