Interpretacja mesjańska Psalmu 22
Józef Kuc
Abstract
Persona patiens huius poematis ad quaestionem fundamentalem exegeticam Ps 22 pertinet. Cum hac questione interpretatio messianica Ps iungitur. Fautores interpretationis directe messianicae autumnant passiones, de quibus in Ps, solum de Christo intellegi posse. Nulla persona in VT invenitur, cui argumentum Ps adhiberi possit. Haec conclusio tamen non est sine dubio. Ps 22 est enim opus culticum in quo psalmista modo quodam universaliori loquitur, ut ad varias circumstantias, in quibus passio et liberatio a passione adsit, accommodari possit. Rationes ad probandam interpretationem messianicam quae ex NT proveniant, solum primaevae Ecclesiae intellectionem huius Ps ostendunt, sed non dem onstrant exegesim messianicam . Comparatio Ps 22 cum Deuteo Isaia tam philologica quam quoad thema docet affinitatem inter haec opera mere externam esse. Exegesis tipica in hoc consistit, quod auctor Ps aut propriam aut alicuius alii passionem et salutem describit, quae sunt typice de Messia intelligenda. Exegetae moderni hanc interpretationem uti insufficientem vident. Humilitas et exaltatio ut notae actionis salvificae Dei maxime in Ps descpptae sunt. Hoc thema essentialiter in Messia verificatus est, unde ex hac parte Ps 22 ut messianicus videri possit. Messianismus de quo agitur est praenuntiatio salvifica et eschatologica. Auctor Psalmi exinspiratione cognovit et expressit passionem et gloriam tam quam fructus, qui ad historiam salutis necessarii sunt. Intrinseca unio, quae inter passionem et fructum salutis adest, profundissime in Christo ostenditur. Schola, quam dicunt Myth and Ritual arbitratur Psalmum 22 mansionem esse ritualis ceremoniae regis, qui patitur et ad vitam revertitur et in hoc sensu dicunt Psalmum messianicum esse. Messianismus in hoc sensu fere ab omnibus exegetis non accipitur. Fautores sic dictae reinterpretationis sentiunt quatuor ultimos versus Ps 22 additos esse tempore posteriori, ita ut Psalmus tunc sensum messianicum accipegiet. His versibus (Ps 22, 28-32) regnum Dei mirabili modo diffunditur usque ad universale regnum Jahwe. Argumentum huius partis Ps affine est Psalm is regalibus et alterae parti Isaiae. Redactor igitur reinterpretans Ps 22 sensum messianicum in hoc opere relegit. Tamen unio causalis inter passionem patientis et salutem paganorum non clare in Psalmo videtur. A. Gelin arbitratur homines his temporibus non tam logice quam hodie cogitatos esse et spes messianicas ex Is 53 maximum influxum in eorum mentes exercuisse, unde versum 28-32 sufficientes erant, ut totus Psalmus messianice intelligeretur. Si persona in Psalmo acciperetur ut persona corporativa, dici possetrepraesentari populum Dei, qui pro omnium culpis patitur et tunc interpretatio messianica Psalmi 22 clarius evasisset.Keywords:
Psalm 22, interpretation, MessiahKuc, J. (2017). Interpretacja mesjańska Psalmu 22. The Biblical Annals, 18(1), 5–19. Retrieved from https://czasopisma.kul.pl/index.php/ba/article/view/3013
Józef Kuc
biblical.annals@gmail.com
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