THE PROBLEM OF THE PRIMARY ANALOGATE IN THE TRANSCENDENTAL ANALOGY OF PROPER PROPORTIONALITY AND PROVING THE EXISTENCE OF GOD
Anna Czajczyk
Abstract
The main thesis of this article can be expressed by way of the statement that this work is not a study of the structure of transcendental analogy of proper proportionality (the relationship of analogate – analogon), but that of a similar structure built upon the notion of “being” (the ratio of the essence – the existence). This is the basis for establishing the existence of the main analogate. The study draws attention to the plane of ontological realism, a notion on which M.A. Krąpiec authored the concept of transcendental analogy of proper proportionality. Therein, one can find the three descriptions of the primary analogate. The first tier of this is an analysis of how to implement the same transcendental relationship amongst all, above all, the relationship of being – being. The second tier is an analysis of radiated domestic perfection [ustopniowania]. The third tier is met by way of the analysis of existence as an act – this constituting “being”. In the first case, the emphasis is on the similarity overlap transcendental relationships, based on a common analogonie. The second is built upon the impossible analogates. These being sourced in the nonidentity analogate and analogon. The third is constructed upon the fact that the existence of the act cannot be explained by the elements inducing internal governance [wewnątrzbytowe]. Due to the last, in the first case, the analogate main reasoning appears to be sufficient to realize the same transcendental relationship in living entities. With regard to the second, maximal domestic perfection serves as the reason justifying the ontological diversity within the third as being of sufficient reason to update. These roads of investigation towards determining the primary analogate should not be considered separately, since in no case can one of the notions be ignored in ascertaining whether such is an analogate or an analogon. Yet such a study can be understood only in terms of serving as justification for the claim that “being” derives both from the “essence” (analogate) and from the “existence” (analogon), and also from the same path, that the transcendental is related to the determination of the primary analogate.
Keywords:
analogy, primary analogate, proportionality, transcendental relations, the fourth way (argument from degree), participationReferences
Bejze B., Analogia bytu istniejącego, „Zeszyty Naukowe KUL” 1962, T. 5, nr 1, s. 121–126.
Brusotti V., L’analogia di atribuzione e la conoscenza della natura di Dio, Milano 1935, s. 31–66.
Jaroszyński J., Problem esencjalizacji metafizyki, w: Metafizyka w filozofii, red. nauk. A. Maryniarczyk, K. Stępień, Lublin 2004, s. 89–94.
Krąpiec M.A., Filozofia i Bóg, w: O Bogu i o człowieku, red. B. Bejze, t. 1, Warszawa 1968, s. 11–55.
Krąpiec M.A., Byt i istota. Św. Tomasz „De ente et essentia” przekład i komentarz, Lublin 2001.
Krąpiec M.A., Metafizyka, Lublin 1995.
Krąpiec M. A., O filozofii, Lublin 2008.
Krąpiec M.A., O rozumienie filozofii, Lublin 1991.
Krąpiec M.A., Przyczyny bytu, w: Powszechna encyklopedia filozofii, red. nacz. A. Maryniarczyk, t. 8, Lublin 2007, s. 527–544.
Krąpiec M.A., Język i świat realny, Lublin 1995.
Krąpiec M.A., Realizm ludzkiego poznania, wyd. 2, Lublin 1995.
Krąpiec M.A., Teoria analogii bytu, Lublin 1993.
Manser G.-M., Das Wesen des Thomismus, Freiburg [Schweiz] 1935.
Markowski M., Miejsce i rola Mieczysława Krąpca w filozofii, w: Polski Arystoteles XX wieku, Lublin 2010, s. 23–50.
Mioduszewski T., Spór o realizm w Lubelskiej Szkole Filozoficznej, Ząbki 2013.
S. Thomae Aquinatis, Summa theologiae, cura et studio P. Caramello, t. 1–2, Torino 1963.
Siewerth G., Das Schicksal der Metaphysik von Thomas zu Heidegger, Einsiedeln 1959.
Steenberghena van F., Le problème de l’existence de Dieu dans le commentaire de saint Thomas sur la Physique d’Aristote, „Sapientia” 1971, 26, s. 163–172.
Wagner M., Die philosophischen Implikate der „quarta via”. Eine Untersuchung zum vierten Gottesbeweis bei Thomas von Aquin (S.Th. I 2, 3c.), Leiden-NewYork-København-Köln 1989.
Zdybicka Z., Ojciec Profesor Mieczysław Albert Krąpiec – filozof i człowiek, „Zeszyty Naukowe KUL” 2009, T. 52, nr 2, s. 95–104.
Zdybicka Z., Partycypacja bytu. Próba wyjaśnienia relacji między światem a Bogiem, Lublin 1972.
License
This is an open access journal.
Beginning with Issue 1/2024, all texts published under a Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 4.0 licence.
The texts in Issues from 3/2018 to 4/2023 are published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence.
For aricles till 2/2018 your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation – see: Ustawa z dnia 4 lutego 1994 r. o prawie autorskim i prawach pokrewnych.
