Cutting the Gordian Knot: Turkish Foreign Policy Towards Cyprus During AK Party Era (2002-2020)
Ozan Örmeci
Istanbul Gedik University , TurcjaSina Kisacik
Istanbul Özyeğin University , TurcjaAbstrakt
Spór Cypryjski jest jednym z najważniejszych zagadnień w tureckiej polityce zagranicznej od lat pięćdziesiątych. Jest on przeważnie postrzegany jako sprawa ponad podziałami politycznymi, i prawie wszystkie tureckie partie polityczne popierają zaangażowanie państwa tureckiego na Cyprze od lat sześćdziesiątych i od Cypryjskiej Operacji Pokojowej w 1974 roku. Jednakże, po tym jak Partia AK (Partia Sprawiedliwości i Rozwoju) doszła do władzy w 2002 roku, z głównym motywem zapobieżenia świeckiego narodowego zamachu stanu, jak również mając na celu osiągnięcie pełnego członkostwa w Unii Europejskiej, partia ta przyjęła pro-aktywną politykę zagraniczną sprzyjającą rozładowaniu sytuacji na tej wyspie. Właśnie dlatego Turcja i tureccy Cypryjczycy aktywnie poparli referendum w ramach planu Annana w 2004 roku. Jednakże, po odrzuceniu planu ugody przez greckich Cypryjczyków, i po decyzji Unii Europejskiej o zaakceptowaniu rządu grecko-cypryjskiego jako członka UE i jedynego reprezentanta Republiki Cypru w tej wspólnocie, Spór Cypryjski stał się problemem, psującym stosunki nie tylko turecko-cypryjskie i grecko-cypryjskie, ale również te pomiędzy Turcją a Unią Europejską. W 2010 roku, wraz z odkryciem złóż gazu ziemnego i porozumieniami zawartymi przez administrację grecko-cypryjską, Spór Cypryjski nabrał nowego wymiaru. Jak dotąd polityka energetyczna nie mogła być użyta jako instrument w promowaniu rozwiązania na wyspie, tymczasem spór przekształcił się w o wiele bardziej skomplikowany problem, z wieloma wymiarami.
Słowa kluczowe:
Partia Sprawiedliwości i Rozwoju, Spór Cypryjski, Polityka energetyczna, Republika Cypru, Turecka Republika Północnego Cypru, Wschodnie Morze ŚródziemneBibliografia
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Ozan Örmeci
Istanbul Gedik University
Istanbul Gedik University
Sina Kisacik
Istanbul Özyeğin University
Istanbul Özyeğin University
