The Feigned Ignorance of Judas. Rhetorical Question from the Category interrogatio/ἐρώτημα in Matt 26:25
Zbigniew Grochowski
University of Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński , Polandhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1785-5684
Abstract
The article analyzes the utterance made by Judas in the Cenacle (1) in the context of his efforts to hand Jesus over to the chief priests (Matt 26:14–25). The fact that his question (Matt 26:25) includes the particle μήτι which assumes a negative response from the interlocutor (1–2) suggests that the disciple was unaware that he was betraying Jesus. Consequently, there is no shortage of positive opinions about Judas, expressed both in the past and today. Matthew’s narrative, however, says something different in this regard. The research problem is therefore seeking an answer to the question: how to interpret Judas’ words? The referenced various biblical translations (3.1) and claims of exegetes (3.2) quote the words of the apostles (Matt 26:22,25) and explain them in an ambiguous manner. The attempts to solve the problem shown in sections 2 and 3.1–2 do not provide a satisfactory conclusion. In the last section (4), the grammatical rules and narrative logic – which are clearly in contradiction – are supplemented with a rhetorical perspective, which leads to a definitive resolution of the dilemma. The synchronic approach applied to the pericope Matt 26:14–25 allows one to draw the conclusion that in Judas’ utterance one should identify a rhetorical question from the category interrogatio/ἐρώτημα whose function in Matt 26:25 is auferendae dissimulationis (“misleading pretense”). Many exegetes have decrypted Judas’ dishonest conduct, but it is only this article that precisely defines this rhetorical phenomenon.
Keywords:
Judas, betrayal, misleading, pretense, rhetorical question, interrogatio/ἐρώτημαReferences
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University of Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński
Ks. Zbigniew Grochowski, prezbiter diecezji elbląskiej, doktor nauk biblijnych i archeologii, absolwent rzymskiego Pontificium Institutum Biblicum (licencjat) i jerozolimskiego Studium Biblicum Franciscanum (doktorat), adiunkt w Katedrze Egzegezy Nowego Testamentu Zakładu Nauk Biblijnych Wydziału Teologicznego Uniwersytetu Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie, zajmuje się Pismami Janowymi i tematem uczniów Jezusa, wykładowca w WSD w Elblągu (a w latach 2013-2016 także w Telewizyjnym Uniwersytecie Biblijnym TV Trwam), członek zwyczajny Stowarzyszenia Biblistów Polskich i Stowarzyszenia Ex-Alunni PIB, opublikował monografię Il discepolo di Gesù nell’ora della prova (Gv 18-19), luogo di rivelazione del Maestro (Studia Biblica Lublinensia 13; Lublin 2015).
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